Digital Cine

8 to 15 frames per second (f/s) is considered sufficient for vascular procedures. Some cases of neurovascular or cardiac nature may require 30 f/s. In general, however, lap chole, ERCP and other general surgery applications are well served by slower acquisition speeds.

Pulsed Fluoro Rates

The best specifications for superior pulsed fluoro rates would be those that gave a wide range of pulse rate selections. Ideally, rates should exceed 8 pps because that is the rate at which an image starts to appear continuous to the naked eye. There are significant differences in pulse rates between various C-arms.

For vascular, cardiac, bolus chase application 15 and 30 pps rates are  used to acquire cine. These applications are almost always options to standard C-arms.